How EDI Streamlines Supply Chain Management

Last Updated on October 1, 2024 by Tatyana Vandich

Companies are constantly looking for ways to optimize their supply chain, ensuring they can quickly adapt to market changes and meet customer demands on time.

In this blog post, let’s explore how EDI streamlines supply chain management and why it’s essential for businesses today, and the benefits it brings to modern businesses.

Introduction: Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and Supply Chain Management

The evolution of technology, standards and protocols, revolutionized this field. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) stands is one of the main facilitators at the level of supply chain innovation.

EDI (or Electronic Data Interchange) is a standard that allows the exchange of business documents between business partners. It is based on structured format and follows some EDI standards (i.e. X12, EDIFACT…). By automating EDI exchange, business partners will be able to transform most of the manual processes into efficient, real-time tasks, increasing efficiency and eliminating human errors.

What is EDI?

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is a technology that allows companies to exchange standard business documents—such as purchase orders, invoices, shipping notifications, and inventory updates—in a standardized electronic format.

I’m not going to go further on this topic, since we already published extensive articles about EDI and its use, which I recommend reading for more information about EDI.

For a more detailed guide on how EDI works and its common use cases, check out our articles:

• What is EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)?
• EDI ANSI ASC X12 Standards – Technical Overview

What is Supply Chain Management?

Supply Chain Management (SCM) refers to complete coordination of the different elements and partners involved in the production flow of any good or service. This flow starts from its initial stages of purchasing and buying raw materials to its final delivery of the finished good to the end-consumer.

It SCM includes the phases of planning, executing, monitoring, and optimizing of all processes involved in transforming a product from being a raw material until it becomes a finished good, and delivered to the end-user.

The goal of SCM is to enhance the efficiency, reduce costs, improve quality, and deliver products faster.

SCM requires a major collaboration between suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, transportation services, and retailers, ensuring that each step in the chain is executed on-time in a very optimal manner.

Useful: Download the Guide – EDI for Transportation and Logistics

Key Components of Supply Chain Management

For a successful supply chain management cycle, there are important key components that should be considered, planned and implemented.

1. Planning: This is the strategic phase where companies do their research on how to meet the demand for their products or services.
2. Sourcing: Sourcing involves selecting one or multiple suppliers who will provide the raw materials, components, or services necessary for production, for a certain product or service.
3. Manufacturing: In this phase, raw materials are transformed into finished products.
4. Logistics and Distribution: Once products are manufactured, they must be stored and distributed to consumers. This involves all logistical processes such as warehousing, inventory management, and transportation.
5. Returns Management: Also known as reverse logistics, this component deals with the return of defective or excess products from consumers. Managing returns efficiently is important to minimize losses and maintaining customer satisfaction.
6. Information Flow: Throughout the supply chain, there must be a seamless flow of information to ensure that all parties are aware of demand, inventory levels, production schedules, and shipping timelines. This helps to coordinate efforts across the supply chain, reducing delays and errors.

Importance of Supply Chain Management

Supply chain management (SCM) is very important in today’s business landscape, to be able to deliver on-time, low-cost products and services and at a reduced risk. Here are some of the important elements:

• Reduce Cost: SCM helps reduce costs by improving efficiencies in procurement, minimizing waste, and optimizing transportation.
• Increase of Customer Satisfaction: Supply chain can enhance customer experience and promote loyalty. Being able to deliver to customers on time and in good condition, will improve customer loyalty.
• Increase Company’s Agility: SCM helps companies respond to changes in demand or disruptions in the market quickly.
• Improve of Collaboration: Better communication means better collaboration across suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors all working towards the same objective.
• Disruption: Disruption of a Supply chain is a risk that is substantial. Such disruption can be due to different reasons (i.e. natural disasters, political instability, or other factors). Such disruptions can significantly impact a business. SCM helps mitigate risks by allowing companies to create and execute contingency plans based on maintaining relationships with multiple suppliers and monitoring global trends.

How EDI Works in the Supply Chain

As described in the above paragraph, Supply chain management (SCM), relies on several parameters to be as efficient as expected, and deliver as per business expectations. EDI has a role to play in every key component of a successful SCM.

a) Planning: during the planning phase, companies part of the SCM exchange their forecast and based on customer demands and historical sales data via EDI; as an example a distribution company will share via an EDI transaction 830 (Productions forecast and scheduling) its production planning.

b) Sourcing and manufacturing: during the sourcing and manufacturing phase within a SCM, companies will exchange via EDI all kinds of transactions to complete these cycles:

1. 1. Inventory feeds (EDI 846): Ral-time inventory feeds and updates, are sent periodically by suppliers and manufacturers, to their own customers, via EDI 846 transaction. This allows to update them with accurate inventory levels track stock movements.
   2. Orders (EDI 850): When a customer places an order it goes via EDI 850 transaction to the supplier, this process, would eliminate the need for manual order entry and speeds up the order processing time.
   3. Shipping and Receiving: this process in SCM uses a substantial number of EDI transactions, from EDI transactions that concerns the logistics and transportation companies (i.e. EDI 204, EDI 210, EDI 214…) to the actual shipping and receiving transaction (i.e. ASN 856).
   4. Invoicing: After the goods are delivered, the supplier sends an electronic invoice EDI 810 to the customer. The customer can then process the invoice and make the payment electronically, streamlining the entire billing and payment process.

c) Logistics, distribution and returns: again, EDI is present in all of these components in the supply chain:

1. Logistics and distribution: lots of EDI transactions come to play, when it comes to logistics, and return, EDI 204, 210, 214…
2. Returns: EDI 180, EDI 894 and EDI 895 are typical EDI transaction for merchandise return.

Useful Reading: EDI for Third-Party Logistics providers (3PL)

How EDI Streamlines Supply Chain Management

Following are some EDI attributes, that have an impact on the Supply Chain management SCM:

Faster Communication

When exchanging EDI documents, companies part of the same SCM, are opting for a full automation which means, a real-time exchange of business documents, along with automated flows to process those documents.

Eliminating bottlenecks and human errors. Orders, confirmations, and invoices flow automatically between systems, reducing lead times and allowing businesses to respond faster to changes in demand, inventory levels, or production schedules.

Reduce human errors

Manual data entry is equivalent to human errors. Errors in purchase orders, inventory levels, or shipment details can lead to costly mistakes such as overstocking, missed shipments, or payment delays. Using EDI minimizes these risks by automating data transfers.

Improve data quality and integrity

Standardized formats of data, ensure that information is accurately communicated, which will certainly improve data integrity and quality. No more human errors.

Improve Efficiency

Automating supply chain transactions with EDI leads to significant cost savings, where the most important expense is labor. Typically, the labor cost of manually entering data and correcting errors is substantial.

Exchanging EDI reduces these costs by allowing businesses to process large volumes of transactions automatically.

Improve Inventory Management

Companies exchanging EDI transactions will have a much better inventory visibility to their supplier’s inventory. It will eventually enable JIT (Just-in-time) inventory strategies and control of costs.

Improve Data Security

By exchanging EDI transactions, based on standardized protocols and encrypting the data using EDI communication protocols such as AS2, sFTP, AS3 and other protocols, business partners enhance their compliance and security footprints, ensuring secured data exchange.

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Pierre Namroud

As the CEO of Namtek Consulting Services, Pierre is all about helping business owners with their IT needs. He is passionate about developing software systems, learning about the latest IT trends and helping business owners with any challenges they face. Consultant, developer and businessman – Pierre does it all. In his free time, he is thinking of new software ideas to share with his team and spending time with his family.

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